E cigarette risk perceptions an American crime scene The Counterfactual Public Health Consequences of E Cigarettes Risks of Vaping Don't Be Misled by the Smoke! Vaping refers to "the use of e cigarettes or other electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) that heat a liquid (often containing Toxicological Effects of E Cigarettes on Cells, Animals, and Humans and Mechanisms of Toxicity Springer Nature Link